Gum disease is a common issue among Canadian adults, one often caused by poor oral hygiene. Our Sydney dentists explain exactly how poor oral hygiene can lead to gum disease, and what actions you can take to avoid it.
What is gum disease?
Gum disease (or periodontal disease) is an infection that affects the bone and soft tissues that support the teeth. When you hear your dentist talking about gingivitis, they are talking about the mildest form of gum disease, and it only affects soft tissues.
In its more advanced forms, gum disease can infect the jaw bones and supporting structures of the teeth. This can eventually lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
What causes gum disease?
A variety of factors can contribute to your risk of developing gum disease, including bacteria and plaque buildup in the mouth, hormonal shifts, nutritional deficiencies, smoking, some prescription medications, uneven teeth, and even genetics.
Bleeding gums are a sign that you may have gum disease, so you should schedule an appointment with your dentist if you notice that your gums are bleeding when you brush and floss. Because your mouth contains millions of bacteria, thorough oral hygiene every day is a must - to disrupt the bacteria.
If it is left too long, your body will try to rid itself of undisturbed bacteria by sending more blood to your gums. The excess blood may cause swelling, soreness, bleeding and redness. Your body thinks it has infection - this is called gingivitis, and it won't heal until the source of infection is eliminated.
Bacteria can be found in plaque, tartar or calculus, pockets beneath the gums (in cases of advanced gum disease), cavities, abscesses and chipped teeth. They may also hide in old dental work, as repairs to your teeth create an edge or margin that bacteria can adhere to.
What can I do to avoid gum disease?
There are no real 'tips and tricks' when it comes to avoiding gum disease. The best way to avoid developing it is to maintain good oral hygiene habits, plain and simple.
None of the above-listed factors alone can cause gum disease to develop and thrive. If you maintain a rigorous and thorough oral hygiene routine, it will be very difficult for gum disease to take hold in your mouth.
For example, while you may be prone to plaque buildup (perhaps due to genetics), as long as you brush and floss your teeth twice a day and visit your dentist as prescribed for regular professional cleanings and checkups, chances are that gum disease will not be able to fully develop.
Whether a pregnancy causes a hormonal shift, you take prescription medication, or are a regular smoker, the most common cause of gum disease is the unimpeded development of bacteria and plaque in the mouth.
Most of the time, gum disease can be easily prevented with a good oral hygiene routine. While the issues listed above can increase your risk (and make prevention more challenging), whether it actually develops comes down to the decisions you make every day about your oral oral health practices.